欧洲一些国家的外贸交易习惯大揭密
不同的地方就会有不同的习惯，外贸交易也不例外，但是外贸总是不可避免与其他国家交易的，为了让大家更好的与其他国家有贸易来往，小编今天为你们准备了欧洲部分国家的外贸交易习惯，以备你们不时之需。
Different places have different practice, so do foreign trade. But foreign trade cannot avoid making a deal with other country. Today I prepare part of European countries’ practice for you to do business with other country better.
丹麦 Denmark
交易习惯：丹麦进口商在与一个国外出口商做第一笔生意时，一开始为小金额的订单，他们一般愿意接受信用证这种支付方式。
Transaction practices: when importers in Denmark begin the first business with a foreign exporter, the order is small and they are normally willing to accept L/C.
关税方面：丹麦对从一些发展中国家、东欧国家以及地中海沿岸国家进口的商品给予最惠国待遇或者更为优惠的普惠制。但在钢铁和纺织方面却很少能得到关税优惠。
Tariff: Denmark offers the most favored nation treatment or more preferential GSP to imported goods from some developing countries, Eastern Europe countries and Mediterranean offshore countries but even no preferential tax on iron, steel or textile.
注意事项：要求货样一样，很注重交货期，任何违背交货期，导致延期交货的，都有可能被丹麦进口商取消合同。
Notice: like the importance of the sample, delivery date is also vital. Anything that betrays the delivery date or lead to its putting off may result in a contract canceled by the importer from Denmark.
西班牙 Spain
交易方式：以信用证缴付货款，赊货期一般为90日，大型连锁店约120至150日。订单量每次约200至 1,000件。
Terms of trade: with L/C, usually on consignment of 90 days, 120～150 days for the large chain stores. Order quantity is about 200～1000 each time.
注意事项：该国对其输入产品不收关税。供应商应缩短生产时间，注重品质及商誉。
Notice: no tax for imported goods. Suppliers should shorten production time, focusing on quality and business reputation.
东欧 Eastern Europe
东欧市场有其自身的特点。产品要求的档次不高，但要想求得长期发展，质量不佳的大路货是没有潜力的。
Eastern Europe has its own characters. Not very high class is required but long-term development is wished. Low quality goods have not potential for this.
俄罗斯 Russia
俄国人做生意只要签约后，都以T/T直接电汇较普遍，并要求准时出货，很少开L/C，但要寻求搭线不易，只能通过会展，或深入当地拜访。当地语言以俄语为主，英语使用很少，较难沟通，商贸洽谈一般都需要找翻译协助。
It is normal for Russian to use T/T after they sign a contract. They also require to delivery on time. They seldom use L/C. But it is not easy to connect them, only through fair or local visit. Russian is the main local language; they do not use English very much so it is a little bit difficult to communicate. Business negotiation usually needs help from translators.
俄罗斯及东欧诸国，对西方商人的礼待是极其热情的。在同俄罗斯人洽谈贸易时，切忌称呼其为“俄国人”。
People from Russia and countries in Eastern Europe are very enthusiastic to western businessmen. Never call them “Russian” when talking business with them.
英国 England
英国人比较冷静,持重,在谈判初期与对手保持一定的距离,决不轻易表露感情,随着时间的推移,才与对手漫漫接近;英国人比较直率,谈判的时候让对方了解自己的观点,也能考虑对方的观点;但是,英国人也有缺点 ,他们不遵守时间,以英语为豪,从来不使用第二语言。
Being clam and modest, British keep some distance with the others in the beginning period and not easy to show their emotion. As time goes on, they will get closer to the others. They are also more straightforward, showing their opinions and thinking about the others’ when negotiating. But they also have disadvantages which is not punctual, being proud of English and never use the second language.
与英国人洽谈贸易时，有三条忌讳：1.忌系有纹的领带（因为带纹的领带可能被认为是军队或学生校服领带的仿制品；2.忌以皇室的家事为谈话的笑料；3.不要把英国人称呼为“英国人”。
There are three things cannot be done when doing business with British: 1. No tie with stripe (because it could be considered as mimic of army or student uniform ties); 2. Do not joke royal family things; 3.Do not call the British “British”.
法国 France
和法国人洽谈贸易时，严忌过多地谈论个人私事。因为法国人不喜欢大谈家庭及个人生活的隐私。
When talking about business with French, do not talk about private things too much because they do not like talking about family and privacy too much.
南美 South America
赴南美洲做生意的人，为了入境随俗，在洽谈交易的过程中，宜穿深色服装，谈话宜亲热并且距离靠近一些，忌穿浅色服装，忌谈当地政治问题。
People doing business in South America, in order to follow the local culture, is supposed to dress dark color clothes, getting closer to talk when talking about business. Do not dress light color garment or talking the local political problem.
德国 Germany
德国商人很注重工作效率。因此，同他们洽谈贸易时，严忌节外生枝地闲谈。德国北部地区的商人，均重视自己的头衔，当你同他们一次次热情握手，一次次称呼其头衔时，他必然格外高兴。
German businessmen think highly of efficiency. So, do not chat with them if it is not necessary when doing business. Businessmen in north part of Germany care about their reputation, thus, they will be much happier when you shake with them, calling their reputation, again and again.
瑞士 Switzerland
若给瑞士的公司寄信，收信人应写公司的全称，严忌写公司工作人员的名字。因为，如果收信人不在，此信永远也不会被打开。瑞士人崇拜老字号的公司，如果你的公司建于是1895年之前，那么你应在工作证件上或名片上特别强调出来。
If a letter is sent to a Swiss company, the “receiver” should be the company's full name but definitely not a name of its staff because if the receiver is not there, the letter will not be read forever. Swiss like old and famous company, so if your company was set up before 1895, you should emphasize it on your business card.
芬兰 Finland
与芬兰商人洽谈时，应重视行握手礼，应多呼其“经理”之类的职衔。谈判地点多在办事处，一般不在宴会上。谈判成功之后，芬兰商人往往邀请你赴家宴与洗蒸汽浴。这是一种很重要的礼节。在畅谈时，应忌讳谈当地的政治问题。
When talking with Finnish businessmen, you need to pay more attention to the manner of shaking hands, and call them “manager” and other title like that more. Most places of negotiating is offices, not feasts. After finishing negotiation, Finnish businessmen often invite you to family feast and steam bath. This is a very important manner. Do not talk about the local political problems when you are chatting.
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